Ion-acoustic double layers in a magnetized plasma

Abstract
Solutions for double layers (DL), propagating obliquely to the magnetic field with a speed near the slow ion-acoustic velocity are presented. Using fluid equations for the ions and an arbitrary equation of state for the electrons, it is shown that in such a system, DL solutions exist for the two-electron Boltzmann model. No DL exists when the electrons are isothermal, and when the free and reflected electrons are described by Maxwell distributions.