Inhibition of the genotoxic effects of heterocyclic amines in human derived hepatoma cells by dietary bioantimutagens

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Abstract
The effects of dietary bioantimutagens (compounds which have been shown to inhibit mutagenesis via interaction with DNA repair processes) on spontaneous and heterocyclic amine (HCA)-induced micronucleus (MN) frequencies were studied in metabolically competent human hepatoma (Hep-G2) cells. All the compounds tested (coumarin, vanillin, caffeine, tannic acid and cinnamaldehyde) caused a moderate increase of MN numbers in Hep-G2 cells at high concentrations (500μg/ml); only tannic acid was also active at lower dose levels. In combination experiments with the HCA 2-amino-3-methylimidazo-[3,4-f]quinoline (IQ), posttreatment of the cells with bioantimutagens resulted in a pronounced (75–90%) decrease in MN. The most drastic effects were seen with vanillin, coumarin and caffeine which were active at concentrations ≤5 μg/ml. Further experiments indicated that these compounds also attenuate the mutagenic effects of other HCAs (PhIP, MelQ, MelQx, Trp-P-1).

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