Mapping using the Tsyganenko Long Magnetospheric Model and its relationship to Viking auroral images

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Abstract
The Tsyganenko long magnetospheric model (1987) has been used in conjunction with ultraviolet images taken by the Viking spacecraft to investigate the relationship of the auroral distribution to different magnetospheric regions. The model describes the large‐scale structure of the magnetosphere reasonably well for dipole tilt angles near zero, but it appears to break down at higher tilt angles. Even so, a wide variety of auroral configurations can be accurately described by the model. It appears that the open‐closed field line boundary is a poor indicator of auroral arc systems with the possible exception of high‐latitude polar arcs. The auroral distribution typically called the “oval” maps to a region in the equatorial plane quite close to the Earth and can be approximately located by mapping the model current density maximum from the equatorial plane into the ionosphere. Although the model may break down along the flanks of the magnetotail, the large‐scale auroral distribution generally reflects variations in the near‐Earth region and can be modeled quite effectively.