Iron–sulfur dimers with benzimidazolate–thiolate, –phenolate or bis(benzimidazolate) terminal chelating ligands. Models for Rieske-type proteins

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Abstract
Complexes [Fe2S2L2]2–1–5 having terminal co-ordination by the ligands L1–L5 have been prepared and studied by a range of physical techniques as models for the Rieske-type proteins [H2L1= 2-(2-mercaptophenyl)benzimidazole; H2L2= 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole; H2L3= 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylbenzimidazole; H2L4= 2,2-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)propane; H2L5= 4,4-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)heptane]. A preparation is described for [NEt4]3[Fe2S2L4 2]6, the first [2Fe–2S]+ reduced complex to be isolated. The complexes have been characterised by UV/VIS, 1H NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopies. Lack of heterogeneity in the 1H NMR spectrum of the iron(II)–iron(III) complex 6 reveals valence averaging. On the Mössbauer time-scale the complex becomes valence-trapped as the temperature is lowered. The first reduction processes for 1–4 occur at potentials in the range –0.82 to –1.13 V. The positive shift produced by benzimidazolate co-ordination compared to thiolate is comparable to that for the Rieske-type proteins relative to tetracysteinyl ferredoxins. Benzimidazolate co-ordination is also found considerably to stabilise the trianionic chemical reduction products. These display frozen-solution ESR spectra with a range of lineshapes, analysis of which, taken together with previous data for [2Fe–2S]+ complexes, indicates the ordering SS > NS > NN > OS > NO ≈ OO in ligand type as correlated with the magnitude of the lowest two g values. The Rieske-type proteins have g values which fit best with the last two ligand type of this series, suggesting a requirement for oxygen co-ordination.

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