Fast Wave Couplers for Longitudinal Beam Parametric Amplifiers†

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Abstract
The theory and design for fast wave helix couplers for use with longitudinal beam parametric amplifiers are given. The TWT equations are put in coupled mode form. A matrix formulation of these equations is used to point out a formal mathematical analogue of the Schrödinger equation of quantum mechanics. This analogue is used to suggest possible techniques of solution and may lead to hitherto unexplored methods of treating this problem. Two special eases are treated. The formulation is equivalent to that used by Haus and Robinson (1954). The design procedure for fast wave couplers is given in detail in a separate section. The coupler consists of a Kompfner dip helix preceded and followed by a velocity jump. By this technique it is shown that a fast space-charge wave can be excited on the beam. The fast mode noise can be completely removed from the beam by the same coupler. The slow mode goes through completely unaffected in amplitude. Since the slow mode is not amplified, noise from the slow mode should not prove serious.

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