Enhanced Solubility of Paracetamol by Various Hydrotropic Agents

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Abstract
The increase in the aqueous solubility of paracetamol by the use of various hydro tropes was studied. These agents were sodium glycinate, sodium gentisate, sodium salicylate and nicotinamide. All of these agents increased the aqueous solubility to varying degrees, with nicotinamide and sodium salicylate being the most efficient solubilizers. A conductance parameter was investigated as a mean of aiding interpretation of the solubility data. Dielectric constants could only be determined in the nicotinamide systems. Ultra-violet spectral analysis, TLC, infra-red, and NMR techniques were utilized in order to elucidate the solubility mechanism. These tests indicate that no special bonding or complex formation exists for the sodium salt hydrotropes in these preliminary work. There is some evidence from UV & TLC analysis that nicotinamide and paracetamol enter into complex formation. The other hydrotropic agents, in this study indicate the mechanism of solubilization is one of “salting - in” by causing miscibility of two formally immiscible liquid phases of ternary systems.

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