A Population Investment Sex Ratio for the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.)

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Abstract
Data from 2 honey bee population brood-rearing studies suggest that a stable populational colony investment sex ratio exists for the honey bee. As a consequence of the fissioning mode of colony reproduction, this investment ratio is best expressed in terms of the average population produced of reproductive male (drone) biomass and the biomass of sterile workers. A tentative model for a poulational investment sex ratio based on Fisher''s (1930) sex ratio hypothesis is presented in terms of colony seasonal drone and worker brood production anid suggests a ratio for both populations tending toward 1:1. Colonies that produced no reproductive females during an annual season produced an average of 18,969 .+-. 7,267 (.+-. SD, n = 7 colonies) males/colony for the 1st study and 22,560 .+-. 8.280 (n = 13 colonies) for the other. Three colonies from the 2nd study did produce reproductive females and underwent colony fission. These colonies produced an average of 20,856 .+-. 4,241 males before fissioning occurred. One orphaned colony produced 6161 males before it died.