Utilization of potatoes for life support systems in space. IV. Effect of CO2 enrichment
- 1 January 1989
- journal article
- conference paper
- Published by Springer Nature in American Journal of Potato Research
- Vol. 66 (1) , 25-34
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02853486
Abstract
Potatoes (Solarium tuberosum L.) cvs. Norland and Russet Burbank were grown in solid stands in separate controlled environment rooms at two CO2 levels, 365 μmol mol-1 (ppm) and 1000 μmol mol-1. Rooms were maintained under continuous fluorescent light (450 μmol s-1 m-2 PPF), 16 C and 70% relative humidity. Norland plants were grown for 110 days and Russet Burbank plants for 126 days. CO2 assimilation rates (net photosynthetic rates) of exposed, upper canopy leaves were measured at weekly intervals beginning at 21-days-age for Norland and 28-days-age for Russet Burbank. Elevation of CO2 increased CO2 assimilation rates of Norland leaves by approximately 24%, but decreased rates of Russet Burbank leaves by approximately 12%. Assimilation rates of Norland leaves under the high CO2 decreased as plants matured so that their rates were similar to rates under the low CO2 levels after 70-days-age. Assimilation rates of Russet Burbank leaves under high CO2 remained depressed in comparison to low CO2 plants throughout the period of measurements. Yield data showed only marginal benefits from CO2 enrichment: tuber dry weight increased 2% for Norland and 12% for Russet Burbank, total plant dry weight was increased 6% for Norland and 4% for Russet Burbank. The best productivity obtained in this study (21.9 g tuber dry wt m-2 day-1 from Norland at 1000 μmol mol-1 of CO2) indicates that the dietary energy needs of one human in space could be supplied from 34 m2 of potatoes. Se hicieron crecer papas (Solarium tuberosum L.) de los cvs. Norland y Russet Burbank en soportes macizos en cámaras separadas de ambiente controlado, a dos niveles de CO2 365 μmol mol-1 (ppm) y 1000 μmol-1. Las cámaras se mantuvieron bajo luz fluorescente constante (450 μmol s-1 m-2 PPF), a 16 C y 70% de humedad relativa. Se dejaron crecer las plantas Norland por 110 días y las Russet Burbank por 126 días. Se midieron las tasas de asimilación de CO2 (tasas fotosintéticas netas) de las hojas expuestas en la parte superior del follaje, a intervalos semanales, empezando a los 21 días de edad para Norland y 28 días de edad para Russet Burbank. El aumento de CO2 incrementó las tasas de asimilación de CO2 de las hojas de Norland en un 24% aproximadamente, pero las tasas de las hojas de Russet Burbank disminuyeron en un 12%. Las tasas de asimilación de las hojas de Norland a niveles altos de CO2 disminuyeron a medida que las plantas maduraron, de tal manera que las tasas fueron similares a las obtenidas a niveles bajos de CO2, despues de los 70 días de edad. Las tasas de asimilación de las hojas de Russet Burbank a niveles bajos de CO2 permanecieron reducidas en comparación con las plantas a CO2 bajo, por todo el periodo en que se hicieron las mediciones. Los datos sobre rendimientos muestran solamente beneficios marginales debidos al enriquecimiento con CO2: el peso seco del tubérculo se incrementó en un 2% en Norland y 12% en Russet Burbank, el peso seco total de la planta se incrementó en 6% para Norland y 4% para Russet Burbank. La mayor productividad obtenida en este estudio (21.9g de peso seco del tubérculo m-2 por día-1 para Norland a 1000 mol/mol-1 de CO2) indica que las necesidades dietéticas de energía de un hombre en el espacio podrían suministrarse de 34 m2 de papas.Keywords
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