Floral Initiation in Biloxi Soybean as Influenced by Grafting

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Biloxi plants or parts of plants, subjected continuously to daily photoperiods of 17 or more hrs., were used as one component of all grafts reported in this work. Plants of this var. do not develop sufficient flower-forming stimulus on long photoperiods to cause floral initiation. They therefore served to determine whether or not a flower-inducing stimulus was transmitted across the graft unions. They are referred to as receptors and the plant or plant parts grafted to them as the donors. The donor components were from Agate, Batorawka, or Biloxi vars. of Soja max, or from Red Kidney, Plentiful. Black Valentine, or Dwarf Horticulture vars. of Phaseolus vulgaris. Methods of grafting employed were approach grafting of stems, splice grafting of petioles, splice grafting of stems, and bud grafting. 490 Agate-Biloxi approach grafts were made and all formed strong unions. Approx. 50% of the Biloxi receptors formed flower primordia. This % was somewhat greater if the receptors were defoliated a few days after they were grafted. 80 Biloxi-Biloxi approach grafts were made. Flower primordia were formed on no receptors whose donors received long photoperiods continuously, and on only one receptor whose donor received short photoperiods after it was grafted. 85 Agate or Batorawka leaves were grafted to Biloxi receptors. Flower primordia developed on all 83 receptors on which the grafted leaf survived. Formation of flower primordia on Biloxi receptor plants to which an Agate leaf was grafted occurred only when the grafted leaf remained on the receptor 4 or more days. Flower primordia developed on all Biloxi receptors of the 48 Agate or Batorawka stem grafts made. The flower-inducing stimulus passed either up or down through the graft union, depending upon whether the receptor was the scion or the stock. 30 grafts of Biloxi leaves on Biloxi receptors, and 20 of Biloxi stems to Biloxi receptors, were made; all lived, but flower primordia were formed on no Biloxi receptors. In some of these grafts the Biloxi donors had received long photoperiods at all times; in others they had reecived various numbers of short photoperiods prior to grafting. 60 leaf grafts and 30 stem grafts of Phaseolus bean to Biloxi soybean receptors were made. Of these, 59 of the former and 27 of the latter survived, but flower primordia were formed on no Biloxi receptors. Water and probably mineral nutrients move across Phaseolus-Biloxi graft unions readily, but elaborated foods do not appear to cross such unions.

This publication has 1 reference indexed in Scilit: