Accumulation and depuration of resin acids and fichtelite by the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi

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Abstract
Freshwater mussels incubated in the effluent of a kraft pulp and paper mill rapidly accumulated resin acids and fichtelite in their tissues, approaching a steady state in 7 d or less. Mean bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for individual resin acids varied from 110 to 330 L/kg dry wt. for 14‐chlorodehydroabietic acid and abietic acid, respectively. The mean BCF for fichtelite was 4,900 L/kg dry wt., at least an order of magnitude greater than that of the resin acids. Resin acids were depurated rapidly from mussel tissue (biological half‐lives of 3 d), whereas fichtelite concentrations declined more slowly (biological half‐life 12 d). Depuration kinetics for these compounds appeared to be described by a first‐order process. The possibility that the uptake process for fichtelite is zero order is explored.

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