Fetal compensatory renal hypertrophy with a unilateral functioning kidney

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Abstract
Objective To evaluate the possibility of fetal compensatory renal hypertrophy with a unilateral functioning kidney. Methods A nomogram of renal length was established from 254 normal fetuses. Renal length was also obtained in 14 fetuses with unilateral renal agenesis and 22 fetuses with a unilateral multicystic kidney. Results Compensatory renal hypertrophy, defined as a renal length > 95th percentile for gestational age, occurred in 16 of 36 cases (44.4%). Conclusions Compensatory renal hypertrophy is detectable in utero and may occur as early as 22 weeks' gestation.