Improvement of Tomographic Maps by Using Surface-Reflected Rays

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Abstract
The results of the experiment conducted in the northwest Atlantic in 1981 have demonstrated the possibilities of acoustic tomography. The first maps, based only on purely refracted rays, showed the evolution of a cold eddy, confirmed by direct measurement of temperature and salinity. A more complete use of the 1981 dataset, with incorporation of surface-reflected rays, is proposed here. The addition of new data reduces the statistical error on the estimation of the sound speed field. Resolution at levels already well estimated in the earlier computations is improved, and individual maps exhibit a better continuity. Information is now available about the average properties of the upper layers of the ocean, which could not be monitored with purely refracted rays.

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