Hybrid fuels for highway transportation. Second annual technical progress report for the period 1 June 1979-1 June 1980

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Abstract
A program has been developed to investigate the potential of hybrid fuels for use in highway transportation. Hybrids are fuels derived from combinations of readily available energetic non-conventional materials with petroleum. They are generally formulated as solutions, emulsions, or slurries. The underlying objective of the program is to reduce the use of petroleum-derived fuels and/or to minimize the processing requirements of the finished hybrid fuels. During the first year of the program, extensive work was done on the development and testing of water and alcohol emulsions and alcohol solutions. In the second year, the emphasis was placed on the development and testing of hybrid fuel slurries. Components evaluated included carbohydrates and various forms of carbon. It was concluded that, of the slurries tested, the carbon (coke, carbon black, etc.) slurries have the most potential for development into finished fuels. The efforts during the third year will concentrate on advancing the development of the slurries (especially the carbon slurries) to the same point as the solutions and emulsions. This work will include examination of the mechanical difficulties, the stability problems, and the combustion phenomena observed when using slurries in heat engines.

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