Alpha Phase Synchronization Predicts P1 and N1 Latency and Amplitude Size

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Abstract
The oscillatory phase-resetting model predicts that event-related potential (ERP) components are generated by a superposition of evoked oscillations with different frequencies. We investigate this question in a memory task in which human subjects had to retrieve a verbal label in response to the presentation of a picture. The results show that (i) evoked oscillations in the delta, theta, alpha and beta range undergo a significant phase resetting and (ii) become synchronized in absolute phase during small time windows that (iii) coincide with the latencies of the P1–N1 complex. Our conclusion is that the latencies of ERP components can be predicted at least in part by phase synchronization between frequencies.

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