Antifungal activity of essential oils when associated with sodium chloride or fatty acids

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Abstract
The inhibition of mycelium growth in a Zygorhynchus sp. and an Aspergillus niger isolates was studied. The inhibition rates (IR) caused by 4 essential oils (EO), 5 fatty acids and sodium chloride at various concentrations were determined in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. A synergy of action was observed between sodium chloride at 7.5% and the EO of thyme (0.04%), camomile (0.4%) and mugwort (0.2 and 0.1%) on A. niger and between sodium chloride (5%) and the EO of camomile (0.1%) and mugwort (0.1 and 0.01%) and sodium chloride (7.5%) and eucalyptus EO (0.4 and 0.2%) on Zygorhynchus sp. Camomile EO (0.13%) associated with propionic acid (0.075%), lauric acid (0.05%) or oleic acid (0.15%) led to synergetic effect on Zygorhynchus sp. as well as thyme EO (0.04 and 0.05%, respectively) with propionic acid (0.1%) and linolenic acid (0.075%) on A. niger. Other combinations exerted no higher effects than each of the substances used alone. Practical applications of the results observed were discussedSe ha estudiado la inhibición del crecimiento miceliar en un aislamiento de Zygorhynchus sp. y otro de Aspergillus niger. Se determinaron las tasas (o índices) de inhibición (IR) en Agar Sabouraud Dextrosa provocados por varias concentraciones de 4 aceites esenciales (EG), 5 ácidos grasos y cloruro sódico. Se observó un efecto sinérgico entre cloruro sódico al 7.5% y los aceites esenciales de tomillo (0.04%), manzanilla (0.4%) y artemisa (0.2 y 0.1%) sobre A. niger, y entre cloruro sódico (5%) y los aceites esenciales de manzanilla (0.1%) y de artemisa (0.1 y 0.01%), así como cloruro sódico (7.5%) y aceite esencial de eucalipto (0.4 y 0.2%), sobre Zygorhynchus sp. El aceite esencial de manzanilla (0.13%) en asociación con ácido propiónico (0.075%), ácido láurico (0.05%) o ácido oleico (0.15%) provocó un efecto sinérgico sobre Zygorhynchus sp., de la misma forma que aceite esencial de tomillo (0.04 y 0.05%, respectivamente) con ácido propiónico (0.1%) y ácido linolénico (0.075%) sobre A. niger. Otras combinaciones no produjeron efectos mayores que los de cada sustancia aisladamente. Se discuten las aplicaciones prácticas de los resultados observados

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