Off-resonance transient response of a three-level system

Abstract
A general calculation is presented for the transient coherent off-resonance response of the well-known three-level system coupled to oscillating fields through two allowed transitions. Exact closed-form results are obtained for field envelopes of constant pulse amplitude and for adiabatic variations. Arbitrary off-resonance parameters and coupling matrix elements apply with the restriction that nonsecular terms in the rotating frame can be neglected.