Circulating antibody response of mice exposed to 9‐GHz pulsed microwave radiation

Abstract
Female CD‐1 mice immunized against the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae type III were exposed to 9‐GHz pulsed microwaves (pulse repetition rate 970‐1,000, pulse width 1.0 μs, peak power 1 W/cm2) at an average incident power density of 1 mW/cm2 (calculated SAR = 0.47 W/kg) for 2 h per day for 5 days. Circulating antibody titers for the microwave‐exposed animals were not significantly different from those of the shamirradiated animals, and there were no differences in any of the hematological parameters analyzed, indicating that 9‐GHz pulsed microwaves at 1 mW/cm2 do not alter the immune response of mice immunized against S pneumoniae.