Manifestation of biquadratic coupling in the smectic C∗ phase soft mode dielectric response

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Abstract
The soft mode dielectric response of three ferroelectric chiral smectic C∗ substances is studied in the vicinity of the smectic C∗-smectic A∗ phase transition. For some substances the soft mode dielectric strength exhibits a pronounced anomaly in the C∗ phase just below the phase transition. We show how this anomaly can be systematically correlated with a corresponding anomaly in the experimentally determined ratio of spontaneous polarization over tilt. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical predictions of an extended Landau model, we demonstrate how the crossover behaviour of the system can be interpreted as being the consequence of the presence of a biquadratic coupling between tilt and polarization in the Landau free-energy of the system.