Association of T Cell Proliferative Responses and Phenotype with Virus Control in Chronic Progressive HIV‐1 Disease

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Abstract
The role of T cell immunity in virus control during chronic infection was examined in 79 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)–infected subjects randomized to receive antiretroviral therapy. HIV-1 p24–specific responses were detected in 20% of the subjects at baseline, increasing to 28% of the subjects at weeks 16–24. Induction of virologic suppression was associated with lower plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and a higher percentage of Fas+ CD8+ T cells at baseline, whereas maintenance of suppression was associated with higher CD4+ T cell counts and, marginally, with a higher percentage of Fas+ CD4+ T cells at weeks 16–24. These findings indicate that Fas coexpression on T cells, in addition to plasma HIV-1 RNA levels and CD4+ T cell counts, may predict virologic outcome

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