The reduction of nitrate to ammonia by Clostridium welchii

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Abstract
Washed suspensions of Cl. welchii catalyse the reductions of nitrate, nitrite and hydroxylamine to NH3 by molecular H2. During the reduction of nitrate an appearance and final disappearance of nitrite can be demonstrated. This and other evidence make it clear that nitrite is an intermediate in the reduction of nitrate. There is some evidence (not conclusive) that hydroxylamine may be an intermediate in the further reduction of nitrite. 2 strains of Bact. coli tested also brought about the reductions of nitrate, nitrite and hydroxylamine to NH3 in the presence of H2.