Toxicity of Malathion to Poultry and Their Ectoparasites1

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Abstract
Toxic levels of malthion emulsion dips were determined for 9-month-old chickens and 12-to 15-week-old turkeys. All sur-vived 1% dips. Two percent dips were toxic to turkeys. Four per cent dips killed all birds treated. Malathion as a 3% emulsion roost spray effectively controlled the chicken body louse, Eomenacanthus stramineus. Residual protection from reinfestation varied from 3 to 5 weeks. The fowl tick, Argas persicus was killed when wetted by 3% malathion emulsion sprays but untreated ticks required several hours on surfaces sprayed with 3% malathion for a lethal exposure, ranging from 9 hours immediately after treatment to 34 hours 2-4 weeks after treatment. Thorough spraying of poultry houses with hand pump spray guns was not uniformly successful in controlling infestations using 3% malathion emusions; a 2% aldrin house spray was more effective. Dermanyssus gallinae was eradicated by a 3% malathion emulsion spray.

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