Concentrations of total suspended particulates, fine particles and their anionic compounds in ambient air and Indoor air

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Abstract
This study has investigated the relationship between total suspended particulates (TSP) and fine particles (FP) and their anionic compounds (sulphate, nitrate) in ambient and indoor air. 24‐hour averages of TSP, FP and anionic compound outdoor concentrations were measured over a one year period in Zürich. Additionally, eight indoor environments (residences and offices in rural and urban areas) were chosen to measure indoor and outdoor concentrations of FP, anions and NO2 over a three month period. FP and TSP outdoor concentrations showed a good correlation. About 60 to 80% of TSP could be attributed to the FP fraction. Ambient levels of sulphate exceeded the levels of nitrate. Indoor levels of FP showed a good correlation with outdoor levels. FP concentrations in a room with heavy smoking and a gas‐stove were considerably higher than ambient levels. Indoor levels of nitrate were usually very low with the exception of a room with heavy smoking and a gas stove. Indoor levels of sulphate often were slightly higher than outdoor levels.

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