Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid–inducible gene-I and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 30 June 2008
- journal article
- Published by Rockefeller University Press in The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Vol. 205 (7) , 1601-1610
- https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20080091
Abstract
The ribonucleic acid (RNA) helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA5) recognize distinct viral and synthetic RNAs, leading to the production of interferons. Although 5′-triphosphate single-stranded RNA is a RIG-I ligand, the role of RIG-I and MDA5 in double-stranded (ds) RNA recognition remains to be characterized. In this study, we show that the length of dsRNA is important for differential recognition by RIG-I and MDA5. The MDA5 ligand, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, was converted to a RIG-I ligand after shortening of the dsRNA length. In addition, viral dsRNAs differentially activated RIG-I and MDA5, depending on their length. Vesicular stomatitis virus infection generated dsRNA, which is responsible for RIG-I–mediated recognition. Collectively, RIG-I detects dsRNAs without a 5′-triphosphate end, and RIG-I and MDA5 selectively recognize short and long dsRNAs, respectively.Keywords
This publication has 39 references indexed in Scilit:
- Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune responseNature, 2007
- Genetic analysis of resistance to viral infectionNature Reviews Immunology, 2007
- Triggering antiviral response by RIG-I-related RNA helicasesBiochimie, 2007
- Pathogen Recognition and Innate ImmunityCell, 2006
- Species-Specific Recognition of Single-Stranded RNA via Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8Science, 2004
- Innate Antiviral Responses by Means of TLR7-Mediated Recognition of Single-Stranded RNAScience, 2004
- Role of Adaptor TRIF in the MyD88-Independent Toll-Like Receptor Signaling PathwayScience, 2003
- Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-κB by Toll-like receptor 3Nature, 2001
- A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNANature, 2000
- Targeted Disruption of the MyD88 Gene Results in Loss of IL-1- and IL-18-Mediated FunctionPublished by Elsevier ,1998