Abstract
Two quadrats of typical Welsh mountain vegetation, one of Juncus squarrosus-Nardus stricta grassland and the other of moss-lichen turf with Lycopodium and minute plants of various phanerogams, were fenced against sheep. In 2 years the original dominants were doing badly and were being replaced by a much taller growth of Vaccinium myrtillus, Calluna vulgaris, Empetrum nigrum and grasses. It is suggested that this mountain vegetation is the product of heavy sheep grazing.

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