Determining suspended sand size and concentration from multifrequency acoustic backscatter

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Abstract
An inversion algorithm for extracting suspended sand size and concentration from simultaneous backscatteredacoustic pressure amplitude at three operating frequencies is presented. The algorithm is based on the differences in signal amplitude between different frequency pairs, and is tested using laboratory measurements of multifrequency backscatter from a turbulent sediment‐carrying jet. Concentration and size profiles inverted from field and laboratory data are compared with results from a previously developed algorithm based on signal ratios. The difference inversion scheme is less sensitive to errors arising from low signal levels, allowing the size/concentration measurement range to be extended to regions of lower concentration. The concentrations from the field data agree well with independent optically determined estimates. The results demonstrate sensitivity to the backscatterform factor.

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