A Simple Unconstrained Dynamic Knee Simulator

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Abstract
The design of a simple dynamic knee simulator is described. In the simulator the joint dynamics are reproduced in-vitro in a knee specimen by controlling the time-histories of the tensions in two flexible cables acting as lumped muscle group equivalents, without constraining the natural conjunct and passive motions of the specimen. The two cable tensions acting individually are used to control the active flexion/extension motion, while their simultaneous action is used to control joint compressive force. The characteristics of the electrohydraulic servo system acting under real-time microprocessor control are described. The system performance during simulation of an idealized level-walking function is evaluated.

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