A combined radio and optical study of flare stars. The long-duration events

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Abstract
A cooperative optical and radio survey of 15 flare stars was conducted over the interval 1972–76. A number of amateur and professional astronomers conducted the optical monitoring using a variety of visual, photographic and photoelectric techniques. The radio observations were made at 80 and 160 MHz with the Culgoora radioheliograph. Optical observers detected 37 flares in 183 hr of monitoring while radio emission was detected on 162 occasions during 567 hr of observation. During the 110hr of common optical and radio monitoring, 21 optical and 19 radio events were independently detected; of these only four pairs appear to have been correlated. For the radio events circular polarization was detected on eight occasions and in 25 cases an upper limit of ~ 25 per cent can be assigned to the degree of circular polarization; derived brightness temperatures as high as 1015 K commonly occur.

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