12,13-Epoxy-Δ 9 -Trichothecenes as the Probable Mycotoxins Responsible for Stachybotryotoxicosis

Abstract
Stachybotrys atra cultures grown on oats produced five compounds toxic to brine shrimp; three are the sesquiterpenoid mycotoxins known as 12,13-epoxy-Δ9-trichothecenes. One trichothecene is roridin E, a known metabolite of Myrothecium verrucaria. The other two were hydrolyzed to verrucarol, the product of roridin and verrucarin hydrolysis. Spectroscopic data indicate that the two remaining compounds are also 12,13-epoxy-Δ9-trichothecenes. These metabolites are probably among those responsible for stachybotryotoxicosis.