Experimental Determination of the Secondary Normal Stress Difference for Aqueous Polymer Solutions

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Abstract
An axial annular flow device has been utilised to determine the secondary normal stress difference τ22−τ33 [where the velocity field is v1=v1(x2)] for several aqueous polymer solutions. Data are presented on the radial pressure difference, at a fixed axial position, between inner and outer walls of the annulus vs. the axial pressure gradient. The data are analyzed by numerically integrating the radial component of the equation of motion using a nonlinear generalized Maxwell model proposed by Spriggs to obtain a trial function for τ22−τ33. Results indicate that the secondary normal stress difference, while not zero, is considerably smaller than the primary normal stress difference, τ11−τ33, for the solutions studied.

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