Methods of Measuring Dielectric Constants Based upon a Microwave Network Viewpoint

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Abstract
Dielectric samples located in wave guide are represented by network four-poles whose admittance determinant is related simply to the dielectric constant. The four-pole viewpoint, which has heretofore not been adequately exploited, makes possible the utilization of the whole body of transmission line four-pole measurement techniques, including those of precision and invariance. New measurement procedures based on these techniques have been formulated which are either length invariant or location invariant; that is, the dielectric constant is determinable without the knowledge of either the length or the location of the sample. Four specific measurement procedures are presented which incorporate the precision as well as the invariance aspects.