Hatching of Urocleidus adspectus Mueller, 1936 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae)

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Abstract
Eggs of Urocleidus adspectus Mueller, 1936 hatched in 5–6 days at 20 °C. Oncomiracidia dislodged the operculum mechanically and emerged head first through the opercular opening. Lateral and median head glands were not involved in hatching and the size of eggs did not change during incubation. Oncomiracidia developed and hatched when incubated undisturbed in total darkness and were not stimulated to hatch when exposed to fresh perch mucus. Swelling of fluid-filled sacs appeared to aid in oncomiracidial emergence.