Sexually transmitted diseases in Ibadan, Nigeria

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Abstract
Although previous workers emphasised that veneral disease is rife in many developing countries there are no reliable statistics on the relative incidence of such infections. This dearth of information about these infections in Africa is directly related to economic factors, and the lack of modern diagnostic facilities and medical manpower. The pattern of these disease was studied over a 30 mo. period at a hospital clinic serving an African population of about 2 million. Standard diagnostic methods were used. Age distribution of patients conformed with that in other parts of the world except that more pre-pubertal patients were seen. The male to female ratio was 3:1. Non-specific genital infections were the most common (25.9%) followed closely by post-pubertal gonorrhea (19.5%). Pre-pubertal gonorrhea was commoner than reported elsewhere (4.0%), and this may be because the children have been in contact with infected clothing of their parents or members of their family. Most strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were sensitive to penicillin by the disc method, but a few were markedly resistant to this and other agents. It is to be expected that the problem of gonococcal drug resistance will increase unless effective legislation is introduced to discourage self-medication with antimicrobial preparations. Venereophobia was common (6.6%) and sociocultural factors may play a dominant role in the incidence of the basically psychiatric condition. Syphilis constituted 2.5% of diagnoses and this can be regarded as an ominous sign in an area where yaws was endemic 2 decades ago and is now virtually nonexistent. Altogether 9.5% of cases had multiple diagnoses making them dangerous sources of multiple infections. Up to 70% of the patients were infected after a promiscuous sexual activity. Such a high level of promiscuity would undoubtedly lead to an even greater dissemination of these infections. It is essential to provide facilities for diagnosis and treatment in every major town in Africa, otherwise it will be difficult, if not impossible, to control such infections.