Effect of intravenously applicable globulin on phagocytosis of bacteria by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

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Abstract
Three .gamma.-globulin (Ig[immunoglobulin]G) preparations were prepared by enzymatic digestion with plasmin [IgG(plasmin)] or pepsin [IgG(pepsin)] and by polyethylene glycol (PEG) fractionation [IgG(PEG)] and their efficacy was compared in terms of the ability to promote phagocytosis in vitro of 3 strains of pyogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMN]. IgG(plasmin) had the composition of IgG:Fab:Fc = 60:26:14; IgG(pepsin), IgG:F(ab'')2:Fc = 8:77:15, and IgG(PEG), 90% or more IgG. In the phagocytosis test, IgG(PEG) was the most efficient and IgG(plasmin) more than IgG (pepsin) although agglutinin titers of these were much the same. The F(ab'')2 fragments were almost inefficient in spite of their agglutinin titer similar to those of the IgG preparations. The Fab and Fc fragments showed neither agglutinin titer nor the ability to promote phagocytosis. These differences in phagocytic effects result from a phagocytotic mechanism in which antigen bound to antibody at its Fab portion is phagocytized through receptors for Fc and complement present on the PMN surface. IgG preparation desirable for clinical use is that which contains as many intact IgG molecules as possible.

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