Virulence Types ofPuccinia hordeifrom North America, North Africa, and the Middle East

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Abstract
The virulence patterns of several P. hordei (leaf rust) isolates originating in North America, North Africa and the Middle East were determined by using a differential set of barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars representing the genes Pa-Pa9. Twelve different virulence types were found among the 14 isolates tested. The isolates collected in Montana [USA] were more virulent than those collected in Texas and Minnesota. The isolate from Sakha (Egypt) apparently accumulated the highest number of virulence genes among the virulence types from North Africa. None of the isolates possessed virulence against the resistance genes Pa3 in ''Estate'' and Pa7 in ''Cebada Capa''. CI 1243 carrying the gene Pa9 was resistant to all isolates of P. hordei except for 1 isolate that originated from the alternate host (Ornithogalum spp.) near Tel Aviv, Israel. There was little similarity of reaction on cultivars reportedly carrying the Pa2 gene or a complex of that gene, indicating that the Pa2 complex involves more than 1 gene.

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