Abstract
A covered rectangular microstrip patch antenna is analyzed by the SDI (spectral domain immittance) method to obtain the current distribution. A set of simple formulas for radiation patterns is derived which can also be applied to other stratified media. Also, x-and y-directed current distributions on the patch are given for physical insight. Numerical results for different superstrate thicknesses are presented. The gain enhancement is possible by optimizing the thickness of covers and/or their spacings.

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