Comparison of Isozyme and Virulence Diversity Patterns in the Bean Rust FungusUromyces appendiculatus

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Abstract
Fifty-five enzyme and protein stains were screened in three horizontal starch gel elctrophoresis systems for usefulness as phenotypic markers for Uromyces appendiculatus, the bean rust fungus. Thirteen enzymes, representing 15 phenotypic markers, were found suitable for this purpose. Phenotypic diversity as detected by the 15 isozyme markers and virulence on 18 differential bean lines were compared for 27 geographically diverse isolates. Greater diversity was found for virulences than for isozymes. No relationship between geographic and phenotypic distance was found. Three phenotypic clusters based on virulence and izozyme data were identified by cluster analysis. The data support the hypothesis that U. appendiculatus is not a homogeneous species and also suggest that urediopsores may occasionally fertilize pycnia in nature.