CONGENITAL HYDRONEPHROSIS

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Abstract
Hydronephrosis may be defined as a condition in which an increased intrarenal capacity is associated with residual urine in the renal pelvis. Since congenital hydronephrosis may result from various developmental abnormalities of the upper urinary tract, it is necessary to limit this discussion to a specific phase of this vast subject. Therefore, we have elected to present the clinical aspects of ureteropelvic obstructions, namely, simple hydronephrosis or pyelectasis. CAUSES Changing opinions as to the cause of congenital hydronephrosis are of interest; they have been influenced by the advance of diagnostic urology, complemented by the disappointment of surgical failures. The importance of accessory vessels and ureteral bands as a primary cause of hydronephrosis has been questioned by many authors; this is a reflection of surgical failures when division of the compressing vessel or band did not interrupt the progress of hydronephrosis. We agree that the aberrant vessel or band, in most

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