Cholecystectomy and a simple technique of operative cholangiography

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Abstract
A simple, easily reproducible technique of operative cholangiography is described. The technique has three advantages: (a) there is no need to divide or ligate the cystic duct; (b) it demonstrates the cystic duct anatomy clearly and is particularly useful in demonstrating stones in that duct thus eliminating the hazard of the retained stone in the cystic duct stump; (c) it is possible to eliminate the problem of false positives due to air bubbles. A consecutive series of 442 cholecystectomy patients is reviewed. The overall operative mortality was 1·6 per cent; no death could be attributed to operative cholangiography. Thirty-five of 324 patients (10·8 per cent) with gallstones and no history of jaundice were shown to have unexpected abnormalities in the common bile duct.