Tropical rain forest conversion and perspectives in the conservation of wild primates (Alouatta and Ateles) in Mexico

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Abstract
The original distribution of the tropical rain forest and of the populations of Alouatta palliata, Al. pigra, and the two subspecies of Ateles geoffroyi in southern Mexico have been reduced by at least 90% in the last 40 years as a result of conversion of natural habitat to pasture and agricultural fields. This dramatic conversion has been caused mainly by the rapid growth of the human population in the southern states of the country. In the region of Los Tuxtlas in southern Veracruz, where the only longitudinal popululational and ecological studies of A. palliata and At. g. vellerosus have taken place, only 15% of the original extension of the tropical rain forest remains today. The intensive destruction of suitable primate habitat in this region has resulted in an accelerated process of extinction of the primate species. It is estimated that only about 200 At. g. vellerosus and about 1200 Al. palliata exist in the remaining small portion of their original habitat. Today, the distribution of the three primate species in Mexico is intensively and extensively fragmented, and only five potential foci for conservation exist in the country. Urgent action is required to protect the primate populations in the region of Los Tuxtlas and at the other four foci, as some of these populations may disappear by 1995.