Future of Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry in Metabolic Profiling and Metabolomic Studies for Biomarker Discovery

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Abstract
The future utility of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) in metabolic profiling and metabolomic studies for biomarker discovery is discussed, beginning with a brief description of the evolution of metabolomics and the utilization of the three most popular analytical platforms in such studies: nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-MS and LC–MS. Emphasis is placed on recent developments in high-efficiency LC separations, sensitive electrospray ionization approaches and the benefits of incorporating both in LC–MS-based approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of various quantitative approaches are reviewed, followed by the current LC–MS-based tools available for candidate biomarker characterization and identification. Finally, a brief prediction on the future path of LC–MS-based methods in metabolic profiling and metabolomic studies is given.
Funding Information
  • US Department of Energy Office