Fcγ receptor polymorphisms and periodontal status: a prospective follow‐up study

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Abstract
Aims: The aims of this study were to assess: (i) the distribution of Fcγ receptor polymorphisms among patients with chronic periodontitis (“cases”) and control subjects with no/minimal loss of periodontal tissue support in a Caucasian population; (ii) whether these polymorphisms can serve as severity markers for periodontitis; and (iii) whether they have any bearing on the response to periodontal therapy. Methods: The study sample consisted of 132 cases and 73 controls of comparable age and gender. Full‐mouth periodontal status was assessed. Subgingival plaque (PL) samples and blood samples were obtained and analysed with respect to 19 bacterial species and homologous serum immunoglobulin G titres. Polymorphisms in the Fcγ receptor IIa (131R/H) and IIIb (NA1/NA2) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction. Patients underwent periodontal therapy and were followed up at 4 and 30 months. Results: Neither polymorphism showed a skewed distribution among cases and controls. At baseline, periodontitis patients with Fcγ RIIa‐H/H131 genotype had more PL and deeper pockets than patients in other genotype groups (pγ receptor IIa (131R/H) or IIIb (NA1/NA2) polymorphism and periodontal status.