Relative Toxicity of Pesticides to Organophosphorus-Resistant Orchard Populations of Neoseiulus fallacis and Its Prey12

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Abstract
Two strains of the phytoseiid Neoseiulus (Typhlodromus) fallacis (Garman) from different North Carolina apple orchards showed a high to moderate degree of resistance to azinphosmethyl and parathion when compared to a strain that had not been exposed to these compounds. One of the resistant strains was further tested and results showed a moderate degree of cross resistance to Gardona,® (2-chloro-1-(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate), and Imidan,® (O, O-dimethyl Sphthalimido methyl phosphorodithioate), and a minor degree of cross resistance to Omite, (2-(p-tert-butylphenoxy) cyclohexyl 2-propynyl sulfite). Plictran® (tricydohexyltin hydroxide) was shown to be more toxic to the organ phosphorus-resistant strain than the susceptible strain. The degree of organ phosphorus resistance in N. fallacis was the same or greater than in its prey, the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the twos potted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, collected from treated orchards. The level of susceptibility of the 3 mite species to amite and Plictran was: European red mite> two spotted spider mite> N. fallacis.

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