Twinning in Nigeria

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Abstract
Summary Twinning rates in Nigeria are much higher than in Europe and USA, and appear to be highest in its western and eastern parts. The twinning incidence in a representative population in a town in Western Nigeria, Igbo-Ora, is approximately four times that in Europe and USA. Zygosity determination has shown that only 8.6% of newborn twin pairs in Ibadan are MZ, compared to approximately 30% in Caucasian populations. Studies in Igbo-Ora have also given similar results, confirming the view that high twinning incidence in Nigeria is due to a very high DZ twinning rate, the MZ rate being the same as in Europe and USA. The proportion of twins with monochorionic placentae in Ibadan is about 5%, against approximately 20% in UK and USA. The twinning rates in the two populations are 45‰ and 11‰ respectively. This inverse relation (between the twinning rate and the proportion of monochorionic placentae) may be used in calculating the twinning incidence in a population in which the proportion of twins with monochorionic placentation is known.

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