Use of a 3-D visualization system in the planning and evaluation of facial surgery

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Abstract
An integrated system for the planning of maxillo-facial and cranial surgery is described. The system is based on the use of computer graphics to simulate surgical operations on the bone and to predict and present the outcome of these on the soft tissue and appearance of the face. The input data consists of a suitable set of contiguous X-ray CT slices. As well as the core system which provides the simulation and modelling an extensive range of support facilities is provided for measuring external and internal anatomy profile plotting and quantitative postsurgical assessment. A system for long term follow up of facial shape change is provide by an optical surface scanner. Facilities are also provided for the downloading of data to a numerically controlled milling machine for the production of customised prostheses.

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