Transient modeling of a catalytic converter to reduce nitric oxide in automobile exhaust

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Abstract
Mathematical models are developed to study the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide contained in automobile exhaust in which the temperature, flow rate, and concentrations of various species vary widely with time. The quasi‐static approximation is compared to the fully dynamic model. In the quasi‐static model all processes are steady state except for the solid temperature and inlet conditions. Suggestions are given for deciding a priori if the quasi‐static model is appropriate. Suggestions are also given for integrating the quasi‐static equations in order to minimize errors compared to the dynamic model. The performance of three different catalysts is examined with the mathematical model, when the inlet conditions correspond to typical values of temperature, flow rate, and concentration when the automobile is operated according to the Federal Test Procedure.