Injury of Stone Fruits by Preharvest Captan Sprays Followed by Postharvest Treatments

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Abstract
A preharvest spray of 50% captan [N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide] (2.4 g/l) was applied on ''Le Grand'' nectarines; ''Blenheim'' and ''Tilton'' apricots; ''Suncrest'', ''Fay Elberta'', ''Carnival'' and ''Halloween'' peaches. Captan-sprayed and unsprayed fruits (peaches and nectarines) were brushed and treated with benomyl plus Botran in wax or with benomyl alone in wax (apricots). Fruit were commercially packed and stored at 0.5 and/or 20.degree. C. ''Suncrest'' peaches developed surface streaking ranging from brown to black after 4 days of storage and ''Le Grand'' nectarines developed irregular or circular surface discoloration after 7 days. ''Blenheim'' apricots field-sprayed with captan 20 days before harvest and treated postharvest with benomyl in wax developed diffused brown surface discoloration after 3 days at 0.5.degree. C and more distinct lesions after 3 days at 20.degree. C. Only the fruit treated with captan and Botran and/or benomyl in wax after harvest developed surface discoloration. Laboratory studies on ''Tilton'' apricots show that similar discoloration developed only when fruit with a captan residue was brushed; more severe symptoms occurred when brushed fruits were treated with a wax solution or when wax containing captan was applied after brushing. ''Fay Elberta'', ''Carnival'' and ''Halloween'' peach fruit did not develop any discoloration regardless of pre or postharvest treatments.

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