Effective Operators of Electromagnetic Interactions in Nuclei and Realistic Nucleon-Nucleon Potentials

Abstract
Electromagnetic interactions in nuclei are described in terms of effective operators for valence (open-shell) nucleons only. The effective operators are calculated theoretically from a realistic nucleon-nucleon potential (Yale-Shakin) in terms of excitations and de-excitations of particle-hole pairs of the core nucleons. The theory is successfully applied to Sn116 whose states are described in terms of the two- and four-quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff theories involving valence neutrons only.