Evaluation of Repellents Against Mosquitoes and Deer Flies in Oregon1

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Abstract
Field studies with repellents were conducted in Oregon in the summer of 1955 against mixed populations of mosquitoes breeding in snow water, prin-cipally Aedes communis; against mixed populations of mosquitoes breeding in irrigation water, principally Aedes dorsalis; and against deer flies, Chrysops discalis. As skin applications against all spp. of mosquitoes, diethyltoluamide was the most effective of the 12 individual repellents tested. This repellent was about twice as effective as the standard, M-2020, (containing dimethyl phthalate (40%), dimethyl car-bate (30%), and ethyl hexanediol (30%)). Against A. dorsalis the ortho and meta isomers of N,N-diethyltoluamide were 45% more effective than M-2020, whereas the para isomer was 16% less effective. All the new mixtures gave longer protection time than M-2020 against all spp. of mosquitoes. These differences were not as pronounced against A. dorsalis as against the snow-water mosquitoes. Mixtures that contained diethyltoluamide were more effective than those that did not. Against C. discalis none of the repellents differed very markedly from M-2020 in repellency. Ethanol solutions or pressurized sprays of diethyltoluamide were about equally effective as skin applications. The 16 mixtures, 2 pressurized spray formulations, and 4 of the 7 individual repellents tested as clothing treatments, showed almost complete protection from mosquitoes after 26 days of aging. All were ineffective after 2 rinses.

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