ABC of learning and teaching: Web based learning

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The technology Much of the literature on web based learning shows that one of the main barriers to the effective use of teaching materials is the technology (for example, poor access, slow downloading) rather than the design of the learning materials themselves. Some of these issues are discussed later in the article, but it is vital that teachers take on expert help with technical issues in the planning, design, and delivery of web based learning programmes. Through programming and the use of “plug-ins” (programs that can be downloaded from the internet), designers can produce interactive course materials containing online activities (such as self assessments), animations, and simulations. These can improve learning and are often more enjoyable and meaningful for learners. Glossary E-conferencing—Use of online presentations and discussion forums (in real time or stored as downloadable files on a website) to avoid the need for participants to travel E-learning—Learning through electronic means, such as via the web (see world wide web), an intranet, or other multimedia materials HTML (hypertext markup language)—The language used to create web pages. HTML files can also contain links to other types of files including wordprocessed files, spreadsheets, presentation slides, and other web pages Hyperlinks—Links in web pages that enable the user to access another web page (either on the same or a different site) with just one mouse click Internet—A global network of computers divided into subsets (for example, the web or email systems). Computers are linked to the internet via host computers, which link to other computers via dial up (for example, via a modem) and network connections Internet service provider (ISP)—Home users usually access the internet through an internet service provider (such as AOL), which maintains a network of PCs permanently connected to the internet Intranet—A network of computers that share information, usually within an organisation. Access normally requires a password and is limited to a defined range of users Managed learning environment (MLE)—Usually has an integrated function, providing administrative tools, such as student records, and linking with other management information systems (MLS) Search engines (such as Lycos, Google)—Can be used to help to find information Videostreaming—The process by which video images are able to be stored and downloaded on the web. These might be in real time (such as a conference) or used asynchronously Virtual learning environment (VLE)—A set of electronic teaching and learning tools. Principal components include systems that can map a curriculum, track student activity, and provide online student support and electronic communication World wide web (web)—Use of the internet to present various types of information. Websites or home pages may be accessed with the aid of a browser program (such as Netscape Communicator or Microsoft Explorer). All such programmes use HTML For additional information see www.learnthenet.com/english/section/intbas.html Further reading Cook J . The role of virtual learning environments in UK medical education. LTSN Bioscience Bulletin 2002;5. bio.ltsn.ac.uk Forsyth I . Teaching and learning materials and the internet.3rd ed. London: Kogan Page, 2001. Jolliffe A, Ritter J, Stevens D . The online learning handbook: developing and using web based learning. London: Kogan Page, 2001. World Federation for Medical Education . www.sund.ku.dk/WFME/WFME%20Guidelines/guidelines99.html (paper on using information technology in education, including web based learning)

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