Internal Reflecting Horizons in Spitsbergen Glaciers

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Abstract
A single pronounced internal reflecting horizon has been observed on radio echo-sounding from over 30 glaciers in Spitsbergen. They are often present along the entire length of the glacier, remaining at a fairly constant depth (100–200 m) below the ice surface. Echo-strength data from radio echo-sounding have been used to obtain reflection coefficients, for these horizons, of between -15 and -25 dB. Combined with results of ice-core studies, the possible causes of this internal layer are investigated. The presence of water is found to be the most likely explanation, indicating the existence, at depth, of a layer of temperate ice.